metta ni めったに
Adverb (used with a negative) meaning:
seldom, rarely, (not) very often.
1. In negative sentence
私はめったに飲みに行きません。
Watashi wa metta ni nomi ni ikimasen.
I rarely go out for a drink.
彼女はめったに会いません。
Kanojo wa metta ni aimasen.
I don't see her very often.
-> See also: amari, hotondo |
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mitai みたい (1)
Adjective meaning: would like to (do), feel
like (doing), feel inclined to (do)
1. After te-form of verb
いつか外国に行ってみたい。
Itsuka gaikoku ni itte mitai.
I'd like to travel abroad some day.
海でひと泳ぎしてみたい。
Umi de hito oyogi shite mitai.
I feel like a swim in the sea.
-> See also: tai |
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mitai みたい (2)
Noun meaning: like..., seem to, look like
In the same manner as adjectival nouns,
mitai is followed by da/desu or na/ni.
1. After (adjectival) noun
あなたみたいに日本語が話せません。
Anata mitai ni nihongo ga hanasemasen.
I can't speak Japanese like you.
彼は先生みたいです。
Kare wa sensei mitai desu.
He looks like a teacher.
彼は芸術家みたいな恰好をしている。
Kare wa geijutsuka mitai-na kakkou o shite
iru.
He is dressed just like an artist.
2. After dictionary or nai-form of
verb/adjective
彼女は疲れているみたいだ。
Kanojo wa tsukarete iru mitai da.
She seems to be tired.
彼女はすもうに興味がないみたいです。
Kanojo wa sumou ni kyoumi ga nai mitai desu.
It looks like she is not interested in sumo
wrestling.
3. After ta-form of verb/adjective
彼は試験に合格したみたいです。
Kare wa shiken ni goukaku shita mitai desu.
He seems to have passed the exam.
パーティーは楽しかったみたいです。
Paatii wa tanoshikatta mitai desu.
It seems that the party was fun.
-> See also: marude, rashii, sou desu (2),
you |
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mo も
Particle meaning: too, also, (not) either,
as many/much/long as, no less than, both...
and ..., as well as, neither... nor...,
(not) even, even if, any...
mata is sometimes added after mo. This
simply means ''too'' or ''also''.
1. After noun
私も相撲が好きです。
Watashi mo sumou ga suki desu.
I like sumo, too.
「とてもおなかがすきました。」「私もです。」
''Totemo onaka ga sukimashita.'' ''Watashi
mo desu.''
''I am very hungry.'' ''So am I.''
「納豆は好きではありません。」「私もです。」
''Nattou wa suki dewa arimasen.'' ''Watashi
mo desu.''
''I don't like fermented soybeans.''
''Neither do I.''
2. After noun, with negative verb
私も漢字は読めません。
Watashi mo kanji wa yomemasen.
I can't read kanji, either.
私は簡単な漢字も分かりません。
Watashi wa kantan-na kanji mo wakarimasen.
I don't know even simple kanji.
3. After each of two nouns
私はひらがなもカタカナも覚えました。
Watashi wa hiragana mo katakana mo
oboemashita.
I learned both hiragana and katakana.
4. After noun expressing
length/quantity/cost
このジャケットは二万円もしました。
Kono jaketto wa ni man en mo shimashita.
This jacket costs as much as twenty thousand
yen.
昨日は三時間も日本語を勉強しました。
Kinou wa san jikan mo nihongo o benkyou
shimashita.
I studied Japanese as long as three hours
yesterday.
5. After interrogative word (+ particle)
誰もここに来ませんでした。
Dare mo koko ni kimasen deshita.
Nobody came here.
明日はどこにも行きません。
Ashita wa doko ni mo ikimasen.
I won't go anywhere tomorrow. |
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mou もう
Adverb meaning: already, yet, have already
begun to (do), (not) any more, soon, by now,
another, more.
1. Used with past form of verb
もう仕事を終えました。
Mou shigoto o oemashita.
I have already finished the work.
「彼女はもう来ましたか。」「いいえ、まだです。」
''Kanojo wa mou kimashita ka.'' ''Iie, mada
desu.''
''Has she come yet.'' ''No, not yet.''
もうできたんですか。
Mou dekita n desu ka.
Have you finished it already?
2. In negative sentence
もう待てません。
Mou matemasen.
I can't wait any more.
冷蔵庫にはもう何も食べるものがありません。
Reizouko ni wa mou nani mo taberu mono ga
arimasen.
There is nothing more to eat in the
refrigerator.
3. Used with progressive form
マイクはもう到着しています。
Maiku wa mou touchaku shite imasu.
Mike has already arrived.
4. Used with progressive form + deshou
(expressing assumptions about present
actions)
山田さんはもう駅に着いているでしょう。
Yamada-san wa mou eki ni tsuite iru deshou.
Mr. Yamada has probably arrived at the
station by now.
(ta-form of verb may replace the prgressive
form)
山田さんはもう駅に着いたでしょう。
Yamada-san wa mou eki ni tsuita deshou.
5. Expressing length of time, used with ni
naru
日本に来てもう三年になります。
Nihon ni kite mou san nen ni narimasu.
It has already been three years since I came
to Japan.
6. In future sentence
彼女はもう準備ができるでしょう。
Kanojo wa mou junbi ga dekiru deshou.
She will be ready soon.
もう夜中になります。
Mou yonaka ni narimasu.
It will soon be midnight.
7. Before number + counter
父はもう二三日で帰ります。
Chichi wa mou ni san nichi de kaerimasu.
My father will be back in another two or
three days.
もう一度見に行きたいですね。
Mou ichido mi ni ikitai desu ne.
I want to go and see it again.
もう一杯コーヒーを飲みたいですね。
Mou ippai koohii o nomitai desu ne.
I'd like to have another cup of coffee.
-> See also mada |
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