Grammar I - 08.02

(2023) ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ЯЗЫКОВ | ЯЗЫКИ ВОСТОКА | ЯПОНСКИЙ III/383

Languages Study | Languages of the East | Japanese III

Grammar I - 08.02

Uses of Short Forms
	Quotations (represented, or quoted, speech)
	Quoted speech
と言って　いました	They said... "so speaking were"
to itte imashita

あたし　は　試験　が　あります。	(Suu speaks:) I have an exam.
atashi-wa shiken-ga arimasu.
スー　さん　は、　あたし　は　試験　が　ありますと言って　いました。	Sue said that there would be an exam tomorrow. Suu san, "I have an exam" so have said (she said so).
suu san wa, atashi-wa shiken-ga arimasu to itte imashita.

	I think that... / I don't think that ("I think it's not that...")
と　思います	I think that... "so thinking"
to omoimasu

わたし　は、たけし　さん　は　メアリー　さん　が　好きだと　思います。	I think Takeshi likes Mary. Me / I, Takeshi likes Mary, so thinking.
watashi-wa, takeshi-san-wa mearii-san-ga suki-da to omoimasu.

わたし　は、メアリー　さん　は　たけし　さん　が　好き　じゃ　ない　と　思います。	I don't think that Mary likes Takeshi. Me / I, Mary likes Takeshi not, so thinking.
watashi-wa, mearii-san-wa takeshi-san-ga suki ja nai to omoimasu.

Casual conversations

In the casual conversation use of short forms, question sentences do not end with the question particle ga , but with rising intonation alone.

The da ending of na-adjectives and noun+desu construction is usually dropped.

In casual conversation, hai (yes) and iie (no) are often replaced by the less formal un and uun.

Negative requests and "I like doing..."