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Languages Study | Languages of the East | Japanese III

ÀÓÄÈÎ 442 | GRAMMAR II - 19.05 : hazu desu
 
Grammar II - 20.01 Grammar L4 - 009 Menu - Grammar
～はずです hazu desu
 

You can say something is "supposed to be the case," by adding はずです - hazu desu to a sentence ending in the short form. 
今日は日曜日だから、
銀行は閉まっているはずです。		 Banks must be closed, because today is a Sunday.

kyoo-wa nichiyoobi da kara,
ginkoo-wa shimatte iru hazu desu.

  
きのうメアリーさんはどこにも
行かなかったはずです。		 I believe that Mary did not go anywhere yesterday.
kinoo, mearii-san-wa doko-ni-mo
ikanakatta hazu desu.		  
   
  A hazu desu sentence is a statement about what you believe is true or likely, though you lack conclusive evidence.
It is used when situations surrounding the case and/or our common sense point naturally to such a belief.
hazu desu cannot be used in a situation in which you are "supposed" to do something because of duty, responsibility, or law.
  You can turn はずです into the past tense to describe something that was supposed to have been the case but which actually turned out otherwise.
 

The part that precedes はずでした - hazu deshita is in the present tense.
先週電話をもらうはずでしたが、
電話がありませんでした。		 I was supposed to receive a phone call last week, but I did not.

senshuu, denwa-o morau hazu deshita,
denwa-o arimasen deshita.

  
 

You can use hazu desu with adjectives and nouns as well as with verbs.
おもしろいはずです

i-adjectives:  
it's funny, it should be
omoshiroi hazu desu  
元気なはずです

na-adjectives:  
it's healthy/energetic, it should be
genkina hazu desu  
日本人のはずです

nouns: 
Japanese person, it must be so
nihonjin-no hazu desu