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 Español
  Lección Cuarenta y dos (42)
  REVISION AND NOTES
  1 Have you seen ? is, word for word : have seen you? or you have seen?
- ¿Ha visto usted? or ¿Usted ha visto?
- The pronoun is never put between to have and the past participle :
¿Ha pagado usted? Have you paid?
- ¿Me ha comprendido usted? Have you understood me?
- ¿Que ha dicho usted? What have you said?
- ¿Ha venido usted? Have you come?

With the other persons, save ustedes, the pronoun is not expressed, except if it is necessary :
Has he seen : ¿Ha visto?
- Have they come : ¿Han venido?
- Have you begun : ¿Has empezado?
- Have we finished : ¿Hemos terminado?
 

2 Direct object with a.
- This construction is correct in Spanish when the object is a person or a personified thing.
- I expect a friend : espero a un amigo.
To deceive death : engañar a la muerte (personification).

Querer does not take a when meaning, to want, will,
but takes one when meaning to love.
Mi tío quiere una criada : my uncle wants a maidservant.
- Mi tío quiere a una criada : my uncle loves a maidservant.
 

3 Numbers.
- We hope that you read again the numbers of the pages now and then, in order to learn how to count.
Let us note the following particularities :
500 is quinientos;
700 : setecientos (and not siete);
900 : novecientos (and not nueve).
- Ciento (100), followed by a noun, an adjective, or by mil or million loses the syllable -to
- 102 francs : ciento dos francos;
100 francs : cien francos;
100.000 : cien mil;
100 millions : cien millones.

That is only for 100, and not 200, 300, etc.,
which are doscientos, trescientos, etc.,
but change o into a in the feminine :
cuatrocientas mujeres : 400 women.

Un millar : a thousand.
Mil millones : a milliard.
  4 Al caer : " at falling " : in falling;
a very usual form;
so : al despertarme, on awaking;
al salir de casa, on leaving my house;
al llegar : on arriving.
  5 Su, sus :
He (or she) seeks his (her) car : busca su coche.
- He (or she) seeks his (her) book : busca su libro
- They seek their cars : buscan sus coches
- They seek their books : buscan sus libros.

You (usted) being in the 3rd person, your will be like his, her, and in the plur. their.
Ex. : ¿Busca usted su libro, sus libros? Do you look for your book, books? [Does your H. look...?]
- Está usted en su casa : You are in your house (A very current polite phrase, like : Make yourself at home).