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GRAMMAR II - 23.04 : ~made

462   Japanese 2008-2017-2023  

 

 

Grammar II - 23.04 Grammar L4 - 011 Menu - Grammar
～まで ~made
  A まで means "till A" .
The A in "A まで B" is the description of the change that coincides or causes the end of B.
The A, therefore, is usually a verb of the "change" kind.
The verb in A is always in the present tense and in the affirmative.
晴れるまで、
喫茶店でコーヒーを飲みながら、待ちます。		 I will wait in the coffee shop, drinking coffee, till it clears up.
hareru made,
kissaten-de koohii-o nominagara, machimasu.		  
日本語が上手になるまで、国に帰りません。  I will no go back to my country, till I become fluent in Japanese. 
nihongo-ga joozu-ni naru made, kuni-ni kaerimasen.  
  When the subject of A is different from the subject of B, the former is marked with the particle が rather than は.
赤ちゃんが寝るまで、
私は歌を歌ってあげます。		 I will sing a lullaby till the baby falls asleep.
akachan-ga neru made,
watashi-wa, uta-o utatte agemasu.		  
 

You can use "A まで B" in the sentence describing a situation in the past.
Note that the verb in A is in the present tense nonetheless.
   
日本の生活に慣れるまで、大変でした。  It was tough until I got used to Japan.
nihon-no seikatsu-ni nareru made, taihen deshita.