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Kore, sore, are, and dare? can be modified by replacing the final
re with no to specify an object. It is important to note
that kono, sono, ano, and dono? cannot stand alone: they
must be followed by a noun.
For example, if you know that the item in
your hand is a watch (tokei) you can say: |
| この とけい は いくら です か。 |
How much is this watch? |
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kono tokei wa ikura desu ka? |
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As opposed to: |
| これ は いくら です か。
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How much is this? |
| kore wa ikura desu ka. |
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Similarly, if you're talking about a watch that
is held by the person you are taking to, you can say: |
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その とけい は さんぜん えん です。 |
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| sono tokei wa san-zen en desu. |
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And if the watch is far from both the
speaker and the listener, you can say: |
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あの 時計 は 三千
五百 円 です。 |
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ano tokei wa san-zen go-hyaku en desu. |
If you already know that one of several watches is 3.500
yen, but do not know which, you can say: |
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どの とけい が さんぜん ごひゃく えん です か。 |
Which one (of the watches) is of the 3500 yen? |
| dono tokei wa san-zen go-hyaku en desu ka? |
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Since dono is a question world (just
like dore discussed in 02.01), we cannot use the
particle wa with it; we must use ga. |
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To summarize: |
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これ（は～）/ この noun （は～） |
this - close to the person speaking |
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それ（は～）/ その noun （は～） |
that - close to the person listening |
| あれ（は～）/ あれ noun （は～） |
that over there - far from both people |
| どれ（が～）/ どの noun （が～） |
which? - unknown |