Russian without toil 26

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Russian for English speakers 1951

Russian for English speakers 19

Lesson 19

	Russian Русский	English Английский
	51 - пятьдесят один	fifty one
	52 - пятьдесят два	fifty two
	53 - пятьдесят три	fifty three
	54 - пятьдесят четыре	fifty four
	55 - пятьдесят пять	fifty five

	Девятнадцатый (19-й) урок	Nineteenth lesson

	УРОК НОМЕР ДЕВЯТНАДЦАТЬ (№19)	Lesson number nineteen (#19)

	Покажите !	Show (me)!
	Покажите мне!	AK: Compare with Show (you pl. to) me!

1	Мне нужна какая-нибудь игрушка (1).	I need [to me necessary] any (kind of a) toy.
		AK: It means "I need some kind of toy." Word by word: To-me is-necessary any-kind-of toy.

2	Сколько лет вашему ребёнку? (2)	How old (is) your child [how many years to your child]?
		AK: Word by word: How-many years to-your child.

3	Ему завтра будет шесть лет.	He will be six to-morrow [to him tomorrow will be 6 years].

4	Пожалуйста. Вот лестница;	Excuse me. Here-are (the) stairs;
		AK: This means "Please, here's a stairway".
	игрушки (3) внизу.	toys (are) downstairs.
		AK: игрушки внизу is "toys are /at down/"

5	Эта (4) игрушка хорошая...	This toy (feminine) (is) good,
	но я не то хочу...	but it is not what I want [but I (do) not this want],
		AK: this means "but I want not that..." Word by word: "but I not that I-want".
	вот лучше.	that [here is] (is) better.

6	Жаль, здесь всё дорого...	(It's a) pity; everything here (is) dear.
		AK: This means "It's a pity, here everything is expensive."

7	Я ищу дешёвый подарок...	I am looking [look] for (a) cheap present [present cheap].
		AK: Compare: "I'm looking for not expensive present."

8	Может быть этот барабан?	May-be this drum?

9	Нет, уж (5) спасибо;	No thank you very-much ;
		AK: This is some kind of joking pattern with уж (already). Word by word: No, already thanks.
	барабан мне не нравится.	(the) drum (does) not appeal to me.
		AK: This means "I don't like the drum."

10	Вот красивый альбом;	Here-is (a) fine album ;
		AK: красивый - beautiful
	цена небольшая: двенадцать рублей.	(the) price (feminine) (is) not high [big] ; 12 roubles.

11	Покажите... Это ваша последняя цена?	Let me see [show (me)]. (Is) this your lowest [last] price?
		Покажите мне - show (you pl.) to-me
	Всё-таки дорого.	Anyway (it is) dear.
		AK: This means "It's still expensive."

12	какой-нибудь; какая-нибудь; какое-нибудь	(Of) any (kind) (masculine; feminine; neuter).

13	лучше;	better;
	дешёвый; дешёвая; дешёвое.	cheap / inexpensive (masculine; feminine; neuter).

14	красивый; красивая; красивое;	beautiful (m / f / n); price.
	цена.
15	большой; большая; большое;	great, big (m / f / n) :
	она мне нравится.	she appeals to me.
		AK: This means "I like her."

16	дорогой; дорогая; дорогое;	dear / expensive (m / f / n) ;
		AK: дорогой can mean both "expensive" and "dear", like in My dear father - Мой дорогой папа
	дорого (6);	dear / costly, expensive (adverb) :
	я ищу.	I look for / I'm searching.

	УПРАЖНЕНИЕ	EXERCISE.
1	Ребёнку нужна игрушка.	(The) child needs to (the) child (is) necessary] (a) toy.

2	Ваша мать ждёт вас внизу.	Your mother awaits you downstairs.

3	Покажите ей этот альбом;	Show her this album;
	она будет очень рада.	she will be very glad.

4	Какая красивая комната!	What (a) beautiful bedroom (feminine) !

5	Какой красивый подарок!	What (a) beautiful present (masculine) !

6	Какое красивое пальто!	What (a) beautiful overcoat ! (neuter).

7	Как вам нравится наш город?	How (does) our town appeal to you?
		AK: This means "What do you think about our town?" Word-by word "How to-you is-likes-itself our town."

	NOTES.
1	Игрушка toy, (from играть , to play) is feminine, as its final а shows. Hence нужна and какая, feminine endings. Let us take the sentence in the masculine, with, say, человек, man, which is masculine since ending with a consonant : мне нужен какой-нибудь человек: I need any (kind of) a man. And in the neuter, with слово, word, which is neuter since ending with an о : мне нужно какое-нибудь слово: I need any (kind of) a word.
2	Ваш ребёнок (riebbiawnok) your child. In the dative (case of recipient), to your child is : вашему ребёнку (riebbionkoo). Of course that is puzzling; but remember only that the ending у indicates the dative for the masculine.
3	Игрушка: toy; игрушки: toys. We see the feminine ending а changing into и in the plural.
4	Это, which we know, is this (impersonal pronoun) or this (demonstrative adjective) before a neuter (ending in о). Before а feminine (ending in а) it naturally becomes эта, and before a masculine (ending with consonant); it changes into этот. Это письмо, this letter (neuter in о); эта вода, this water (feminine in а); этот обед, this dinner (masculine in consonant).
5	Уже : already; Уж, really, truly (ironically). Уж я не знаю: I really (do) not know.
6	In дорого (adverb), stress the first syllable.

Tweested English Section

Genders : we first make a rough study, confining ourselves to general lines.
Afterwards we shall see details.
For the agreement of adjectives, be content to day with recognizing their gender from their ending :
masculine ый, ий or ой;
feminine ая or а;
neuter ое.

Какая-нибудь (feminine) is in the masculine какой-нибудь and in the neuter какое-нибудь.
If you compare нибудь, with будет (will be), you see the relationship.
Какой-нибудь, any, is literally "how not be", however, or whatever it be.