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Английский - От фонетики до живой речи. 1000 слов  | lib@mlm.ru

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Ernest Hemingway
The old Man and the Sea

35 min
  He was an old man who fished alone in a skiff in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four
days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days
without a fish the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now definitely and finally salao,
which is the worst form of unlucky, and the boy had gone at their orders in another boat which
caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with
his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff and
harpoon and the sail that was furled around the mast.

The sail was patched with flour sacks and, furled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.
The old man was thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown
blotches of the benevolent skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were
on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep-creased
scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were as old as
erosions in a fishless desert.
Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were
cheerful and undefeated.
"Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from where the skiff was hauled up. "I
could go with you again. We've made some money."
The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.
"No," the old man said. "You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them."
"But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones
every day for three weeks."
"I remember," the old man said. "I know you did not leave me because you doubted."
"It was papa made me leave. I am a boy and I must obey him."
"I know," the old man said. "It is quite normal."
"He hasn't much faith."
"No," the old man said. "But we have. Haven't we?"
'Yes," the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace and then we'll take the stuff home."
"Why not?" the old man said. "Between fishermen."
They sat on the Terrace and many of the fishermen made fun of the old man and he was not
angry. Others, of the older fishermen, looked at him and were sad. But they did not show it and they
spoke politely about the current and the depths they had drifted their lines at and the steady good
weather and of what they had seen. The successful fishermen of that day were already in and had
butchered their marlin out and carried them laid full length across two planks,
with two men staggering at the end of each plank, to the fish house where they waited for the ice truck to carry them to the market in Havana.

Those who had caught sharks had taken them to the shark factory on the other side of the cove
where they were hoisted on a block and tackle, their livers removed, their fins cut off and their hides skinned out and their flesh cut into strips for salting.
When the wind was in the east a smell came across the harbour from the shark factory;
but today there was only the faint edge of the odour because the wind had backed into the north and then dropped off and it was pleasant and sunny on the Terrace.
"Santiago," the boy said.
"Yes," the old man said. He was holding his glass and thinking of many years ago.
"Can I go out to get sardines for you for tomorrow?"
"No. Go and play baseball. I can still row and Rogelio will throw the net."
"I would like to go. If I cannot fish with you. I would like to serve in some way."
"You bought me a beer," the old man said. "You are already a man."


Dialog 79. Modals Диалог 79. Модальные глаголы
  could - прошедшее время от can и/или сослагательное мог бы

"I can understand English."
- What did she tell you?
- She told me she could understand English.

"Я понимаю Английский", "Я могу понимать Английский."
- Что она сказала тебе?
- Она сказала мне, что она могла понимать Английский.
"I can't afford a new car."
- What did she tell you?
- She told me she couldn't afford a new car.
"Я не могу позволить новую машину."
- Что она сказала тебе?
- Она сказала мне, что она не могла позволить новую машину.
"The children can come with us."
- What did he say?
- He said the children could come with us.
"Деть могут поехать с нами."
- Что он сказала?
Он сказал, что дети могли (бы) поехать с нами.
   
  might - сдвинутый в прошлое may

"I may go to the cinema this evening."
- What did he say?
- He said he might go to the cinema this evening.

"Я могу (мне позволено) пойти в кино этим вечером."
- Что он сказал?
- Он сказал, что он мог бы пойти в кино этим вечером.
"I may not retire."
- What did he say?
- He said he might not retire.
"Я (возможно) не уйду на пенсию."
- Что он сказал?
- Он сказал, что он, возможно, не уйдёт на пенсию.
"Mary may be right."
- What did she tell you?
- She told me Mary might be right.
"Мери, возможно, права."
- Что она сказала тебе?
- Она сообщила мне, что Мери, возможно, была права.
   
  would - вспомогательный глагол; используется для образования будущего в прошедшем во 2 и 3 лице

"I will leave tomorrow.
I shall leave tomorrow."
- What did he say?
- He said he would leave tomorrow.

"Я уеду завтра." "Я хочу уехать завтра.
Я должен уехать завтра."
- Что он сказал?
- Он сказал, что он уедет завтра.
"I shan't come tomorrow."
- What did she tell you?
- She told she wouldn't come tomorrow.
"Я не приду завтра". "Я не должна бы приходить завтра."
- Что она сказала тебе?
- Она сообщила, что не придёт завтра.
   
  won't = will not

"George won't travel by air."
- What did he say?
- He said George wouldn't travel by air.

"Георгий не полетит (по воздуху)."
- Что он сказал?
- Он сказал, Георгий не полетит на самолёте.
"It will rain tomorrow."
- What did she tell you?
- She told me it would rain tomorrow.
"Завтра будет дождь." "Оно будет дождить завтра."
- Что она сказа тебе?
- Она сообщила мне, что завтра будет дождь.

Lesson 43

including - включая, в том числе
to include - заключать, включать в себя, содержать в себе

include, included, included, including

latter - недавний, более поздний, последний
the latter half of the week — вторая половина недели

former/later - предыдущий/последующий

The latter took a dozen warriors, including myself,
and we raced across the velvety carpeting of moss to the little enclosure.

Последний (вышеуказанный) взял дюжину воинов, включая меня,
и мы помчались по мягкому покрытию из мха к небольшому огороженному месту.

both - оба, обе

I stripped the bodies of the both therns of their weapons,
which included swords, daggers, and two revolvers.

Я освободил (обнажил) тела обоих сернов от их оружия,
которое включало шпаги, кинжалы, и два револьвера.

nation - народ, нация; народность

And even then the arm of the Holy Thern is long.
It reaches to every nation of Barsoom.

И даже тогда - рука Святого Серна длинна.
Она достигает каждой нации Барсума.

match - матч, партия

chess match - шахматный матч

match - равный, ровня
to match - равнять, равняться ;
 состязаться на равных
match, matched, matched, matching

He judged that the match would be so much the less equal,
if Athos and his companions were really plotting.

Он рассудил, что соревнование не будет таким уж справедливым (равным),
если Атос и его товарищи плели заговор (сговорились бы).

noon - полдень
afternoon - время после полудня

Shortly after noon of the second day the storm commenced to abate.
Вскоре после полудня второго дня шторм начал утихать.

meat - мясо, мясной

to eat - есть, поедать, поглощать
eat, ate, eaten, eating

On this trip I tasted the first meat I had eaten since leaving Earth.
В этом походе я попробовал первое мясо (я ел) с тех пор, как покинул Землю.

north - север, северный

Then I said, "Remember Boone? That little hippie town in North Carolina?"
Затем я сказал: "Помнишь Бун? Тот маленький город хиппи в Северной Каролине?"

mass - масса, множество, куча

I couldn't believe that the mass of blood and clotted matter had come from my own body.
Я не мог поверить, что эта масса крови и свернувшаяся субстанция  произошла из моего собственного тела.

cotton - хлопок, хлопковый
one/other - один/другой

He received the travelers with his candlestick in one hand
and his cotton nightcap in the other.

Он встретил путешественников со свечё в одной руке
и его хлопковой ночной шапочкой в другой.

nose - нос, чутьё

She was a charming woman of twenty-five or twenty-six years,
with dark hair, blue eyes, and a nose slightly turned up,
admirable teeth, and a complexion marbled with rose and opal.

Она была очаровательная женщина 25 или 26 лет,
тёмные волосы, голубые глаза, нос немного вздёрнут,
восхитительные зубы и цвет лица "под мрамор" с розой и опалом.

match - спичка

Have you got a matcht?
Have you got a ligh
?
У вас огоньку не найдется?


Dialog 80. Reconstruct Conditionals Диалог 80. Сформируйте условное наклонение
What will he do if he doesn't sell his old car?
He won't buy a new one.

If he doesn't sell his old car, he won't buy a new one
.
Что он будет делать, если он не продаст ("не продаёт") его старую машину?
Он не купит новую.

Если он не продаёт старую машину, он не купит новую.

What will you do if you win a lot of money?
Stay at the best hotels.  

If I win a lot of money, I shall stay at the best hotels.

Что бы будешь делать, если выиграешь (выигрываешь) кучу денег (в лотерею)?
Останавливаться в лучших отелях.

Если я выиграю (выигрываю) кучу денег, я буду останавливаться в лучших отелях.

What will he do if he misses the bus?
Take a taxi.

If he misses the bus he will take a taxi.

Что он будет делать, если пропустит автобус?
Брать такси.

Если он пропустит (пропускает) автобус, он возьмёт такси.

What will you do if you go to the party?
Enjoy myself.

If I go to the party, I shall enjoy myself.
Что ты сделаешь, если пойдёшь на вечеринку?
Развлекаться (радовать самого себя).

Если я пойду на вечеринку, я буду развлекаться.

What will you do if you are ill tomorrow?
I shan't go to work.

If I am ill tomorrow, I shan't go to work.
Что ты будешь делать, если ты заболеешь ("болен") завтра?
Я не пойду на работу.

Если я болен завтра, я не пойду на работу.

What will they do if it rains tomorrow.
Stay at home.

If it rains tomorrow, they will stay at home.
Что они сделают, если завтра будет дождь?
Останутся дома.

Если завтра дождь, они останутся дома.


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